Revolts during the Turkish War of Independence

A number of revolts against the Turkish Revolutionaries broke out during the Turkish War of Independence.

Mustafa Kemal, who was the leader of the nationalist government of Turkey during the war of independence was primarily concerned about subduing the internal revolts and establishing domestic security. To achieve this, the parliament passed the Law of Treachery to the Homeland and established Mobile Gendarmerie Troops. ^{[citation needed]} These revolts had the effect of delaying the nationalist movement's struggle against the occupying foreign forces on several fronts. These revolts, such as those by Ahmed Anzavur, were put down with some difficulty by nationalist forces.^[1]

Name	Date	Area	Opponent	Goal	Conclusion
Ottoman Controlled
Revolt of Ahmet Anzavur	(2 November 1919- 16 April 1920)	Manyas, Susurluk, Gönen	Kuva-yi Seyyare	?	?
Kuva-yi Inzibatiye	(18 April 1920- 25 June 1920)	Bolu, Düzce, Hendek, Adapazarı	Kuva-yi Seyyare	Caliphate army, sympathetic to Islamism and the ailing monarchy, armed by the British	Prevention of National Forces towards the straits
Feudal Originated Riots
Yozgat Rebellion	?	Yozgat	Kuva-yi Seyyare	1) Çerkez Ethem, 2) Turkish National Forces	?
Çopur Musa Rebellion	?	Afyon	Kuva-yi Seyyare	Supported by Greeks to prevent organization of national forces.	?
Konya Rebellion	?	Konya	Turkish National Forces	Supported by French, British, and Italian military. The rioters opened a jihad against the Mustafa Kemal's forces, claiming that he aimed to abolish the 1300-year-old Islamic caliphate, held by the Ottomans since 1517	?
Milli Tribe Rebellion	1 June- 8 July 1920	Urfa	Turkish National Forces (5th army)	This main Kurdish tribe was rioted against the Nationals supported by French, and British military and Armenians and other smaller Kurdish tribes	?
Demirci Mehmet Efe Rebellion	?	?	Refet Bey	?	?
Çerkez Ethem Rebellion	?	?	İsmet Bey	?	?
Separatist revolts
Koçgiri rebellion	July 1920- June 1921	?	?	?	?

List of rebellions[edit]

Ali Batı Affair (11 May 1919 – 18 August 1919)
Ali Galip Affair (20 August 1919 – 15 September 1919)
First Bozkır Uprising (29 September 1919 – 4 October 1919)
Second Bozkır Uprising (20 October 1919 – 4 November 1919)
First Ahmet Anzavur Uprising (25 October 1919 – 30 November 1919)
First Düzce Uprising (13 April 1920 – 31 May 1920)
Second Düzce Uprising (19 July 1920 – 23 September 1920)
Sheikh Eşref Uprising (Hart Olayı) (26 October 1919 – 24 December 1919)
Kızılkuyu Affair (28 October 1919 - 29 October 1919)
Apa Clashes (28 October 1919)
Dinek Clashes (1 November 1919)
Demirkapı Clashes (15 November 1919)
Second Ahmet Anzavur Uprising (16 February 1920 – 19 April 1920)
Kuvâ-yi İnzibâtiye (18 April 1920 - 25 June 1920)
Third Ahmet Anzavur Uprising (10 May 1920 – 22 May 1920)
First Yozgat Uprising/First Çapanoğlu Uprising (15 May 1920 – 27 August 1920)
Second Yozgat Uprising/Second Çapanoğlu Uprising (5 September 1920 – 30 December 1920)
Zile Uprising (25 May 1920 – 21 June 1920)
Aynacıoğulları Uprising (1918 - 21 November 1923)
Milli Tribe Uprising (1 June 1920 – 8 September 1920)
Cemil Çeto Affair (20 May 1920 – 7 June 1920)
İnegöl Affair (20 July 1920 – 20 August 1920)
Çopur Musa Uprising (Afyonkarahisar) (21 June 1920)
Kula Affair (27 June 1920 – 28 June 1920)
Konya Uprising (2 October 1920 – 22 November 1920)
Demirci Mehmet Efe Uprising (1 December 1920 – 30 December 1920)
Çerkez Ethem Uprising (27 December 1920 – 23 January 1921)
Koçgiri/Koçkiri Rebellion (6 March 1921 – 17 June 1921)
Revenge Regement Uprising (July 1920)
Pontus Uprising (December 1920 - 6 February 1923)

Sources:^[2]^[3]

References[edit]

^ Zurcher, Erik J. (1993). Turkey: A Modern History. London: I.B. Taurus & Co Ltd. p. 159. ISBN 9781850436140.
^ "Dr. Yunus Kobal: Milli Mücadelede İç Ayaklanmalar, Hacettepe Üniversitesi". Archived from the original on 20 February 2014. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
^ "mevzuvatan.com, TÜRK İSTİKLAL HARBİ SIRASINDA MEYDANA GELEN AYAKLANMALAR, 06 Mayıs 2011". Archived from the original on 12 August 2011. Retrieved 13 August 2011.

[1] Zurcher, Erik J. (1993). Turkey: A Modern History. London: I.B. Taurus & Co Ltd. p. 159. ISBN 9781850436140.

[hacettepe-2] "Dr. Yunus Kobal: Milli Mücadelede İç Ayaklanmalar, Hacettepe Üniversitesi". Archived from the original on 20 February 2014. Retrieved 13 August 2011.

[3] "mevzuvatan.com, TÜRK İSTİKLAL HARBİ SIRASINDA MEYDANA GELEN AYAKLANMALAR, 06 Mayıs 2011". Archived from the original on 12 August 2011. Retrieved 13 August 2011.

[1]

[2]

[3]

v t e List of modern conflicts in the Middle East
1910s	Italo-Turkish War World War I Middle Eastern theatre Battle of Robat Karim Arab Revolt Armenian genocide Assyrian genocide Mount Lebanon starvation Unification of Saudi Arabia Simko Shikak revolt 1919 Egyptian revolution Turkish War of Independence Greco-Turkish War Turkish–Armenian War Franco-Turkish War Revolts Mahmud Barzanji revolts
1920s	Franco-Syrian War Iraqi Revolt (1920) Intercommunal conflict in Mandatory Palestine Adwan Rebellion Arab separatism in Khuzestan Great Syrian Revolt Sheikh Said rebellion
1930s	Ararat rebellion Ahmed Barzani revolt Simele massacre Saudi–Yemeni War (1934) Goharshad Mosque rebellion 1935–1936 Iraqi Shia revolts 1935 Yazidi revolt 1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine Dersim rebellion
1940s	World War II Italian bombing of Palestine Allied invasion of Iraq Syria–Lebanon campaign Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran 1943 Barzani revolt Alwaziri coup Al-Wathbah uprising Kurdish separatism in Iran Iran crisis of 1946 Arab–Israeli conflict 1948 Arab–Israeli War Suez Crisis 1967 Six-Day War 1973 Yom Kippur War 1982 Lebanon War
1950s	1952 Egyptian revolution 1953 Iranian coup d'état Jebel Akhdar War Cyprus Emergency Suez Crisis Yemeni–Adenese clan violence 1958 Lebanon crisis 1958 Iraqi revolution 1959 Mosul uprising
1960s	Cyprus crisis of 1963–1964 Iraqi–Kurdish conflict First Iraqi–Kurdish War Second Iraqi–Kurdish War Dhofar Rebellion North Yemen Civil War Feb. 1963 Iraqi coup Mar. 1963 Syrian coup Nov. 1963 Iraqi coup Aden Emergency 1964 Hama riot Israeli–Palestinian conflict 1948 Palestine war First Intifada Second Intifada 1966 Syrian coup d'état
1970s	Black September in Jordan Yemenite War of 1972 Turkish invasion of Cyprus Shatt al-Arab clashes Lebanese Civil War Political violence in Turkey Islamist uprising in Syria 1977 Shia uprising in Iraq NDF Rebellion Yemenite War of 1979 Iranian Revolution Consolidation of the Iranian Revolution 1979 Qatif Uprising Grand Mosque seizure 1979–1980 Shia uprising in Iraq
1980s	Iran–Iraq War 1980 Turkish coup d'état Kurdish–Turkish conflict Turkey–PKK conflict South Yemen Civil War 1986 Egyptian conscripts riot 1986 Damascus bombings 1987 Sharjawi coup d'état attempt Mecca massacre Abu Nidal's executions
1990s	Gulf War (1990–1991) 1991 Iraqi uprisings Terror campaign in Egypt (1990s) Yemeni Civil War (1994) Iraqi Kurdish Civil War Islamic insurgency in Saudi Arabia (2000–present) Operation Desert Fox al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen 1999 Shia uprising in Iraq
2000s	Iraq War Balochi insurgency in Iran 2004 Qamishli riots Houthi insurgency in Yemen Iran–Israel proxy conflict 2006 Lebanon War Fatah–Hamas conflict South Yemen insurgency
2010s	2011 Bahraini uprising Egyptian Crisis Sinai insurgency Insurgency in Egypt (2013–present) Syrian civil war Turkish involvement in Syria Syrian War spillover in Lebanon Iraqi insurgency (2011–2013) War in Iraq (2013–2017) Islamic State insurgency in Iraq (2017–present) Yemeni crisis Yemeni civil war (2014–present)
2020s	2021 Beirut clashes Israel–Hamas war Israel–Hezbollah conflict (2023–present) Red Sea crisis
This list includes World War I and later conflicts (after 1914) of at least 100 fatalities each Prolonged conflicts are listed in the decade when initiated; ongoing conflicts are marked italic, and conflicts with +100,000 killed with bold.