Portal:Kansas

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The Kansas Portal

Kansas (/ˈkænzəs/ ⓘ KAN-zəss) is a landlocked state in the Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Nebraska to the north; Missouri to the east; Oklahoma to the south; and Colorado to the west. Kansas is named after the Kansas River, in turn named after the Kansa people. Its capital is Topeka, and its most populous city is Wichita, however the largest urban area is the bi-state Kansas City, MO–KS metropolitan area.

For thousands of years, what is now Kansas was home to numerous and diverse Indigenous tribes. The first settlement of non-indigenous people in Kansas occurred in 1827 at Fort Leavenworth. The pace of settlement accelerated in the 1850s, in the midst of political wars over the slavery debate. When it was officially opened to settlement by the U.S. government in 1854 with the Kansas–Nebraska Act, conflict between abolitionist Free-Staters from New England and pro-slavery settlers from neighboring Missouri broke out over the question of whether Kansas would become a free state or a slave state, in a period known as Bleeding Kansas. On January 29, 1861, Kansas entered the Union as a free state, hence the unofficial nickname "The Free State". Passage of the Homestead Acts in 1862 brought a further influx of settlers, and the booming cattle trade of the 1870s attracted some of the Wild West's most iconic figures to western Kansas.

As of 2015, Kansas was among the most productive agricultural states, producing high yields of wheat, corn, sorghum, and soybeans. In addition to its traditional strength in agriculture, Kansas possesses an extensive aerospace industry. Kansas, which has an area of 82,278 square miles (213,100 square kilometers) is the 15th-largest state by area, the 36th most-populous of the 50 states, with a population of 2,940,865 according to the 2020 census, and the 10th least densely populated. Residents of Kansas are called Kansans. Mount Sunflower is Kansas's highest point at 4,039 feet (1,231 meters). (Full article...)

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Fort Scott National Historic Site is a historical area under the control of the United States National Park Service in Bourbon County, Kansas, United States. Named after General Winfield Scott, who achieved renown during the Mexican–American War, during the middle of the 19th century the fort served as a military base for US Army action in what was the edge of settlement in 1850. For the next quarter century, it was used as a supply base and to provide security in turbulent areas during the opening of the West to settlement, a period which included Bleeding Kansas and the American Civil War.

The current national historic site protects 20 historic structures, a parade ground, and five acres (20,000 m2) of restored tallgrass prairie, inside the city of Fort Scott. It is open to visitors most days of the year. (Full article...)

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Credit: Kevin Zollman
Riley County Courthouse in Manhattan, Kansas.

Important dates in Kansas' history

July–August 1541
Coronado explores Kansas
April 30, 1803
Louisiana Purchase Treaty signed
May 30, 1854
Kansas Territory organized
July 29, 1859
Constitution adopted by convention
January 29, 1861
Kansas becomes 34th state
August 21, 1863
Quantrill's Raid on Lawrence
Spring 1879
Exodusters
February 19, 1881
First state to Constitutionally prohibit alcohol
1890s
Populist Revolt
July 1951
Great Flood of 1951
May 17, 1954
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka

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State facts


State symbols:

The American Bison, Kansas' state mammal.

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Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483 (1954), was a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court ruling that U.S. state laws establishing racial segregation in public schools are unconstitutional, even if the segregated schools are otherwise equal in quality. The decision partially overruled the Court's 1896 decision, Plessy v. Ferguson, which held that racial segregation laws did not violate the U.S. Constitution as long as the facilities for each race were equal in quality, a doctrine that had come to be known as "separate but equal." The Court's unanimous decision in Brown and its related cases paved the way for integration, was a major victory of the civil rights movement, and a model for many future impact litigation cases.

The case originated in 1951 when the public school system in Topeka, Kansas, refused to enroll local black resident Oliver Brown's daughter at the school closest to their home, instead requiring her to ride a bus to a segregated black school farther away. The Browns and twelve other local black families in similar situations filed a class-action lawsuit in U.S. federal court against the Topeka Board of Education, alleging that its segregation policy was unconstitutional. A special three-judge court of the U.S. District Court for the District of Kansas heard the case and ruled against the Browns, relying on the precedent of Plessy and its "separate but equal" doctrine. The Browns, represented by NAACP chief counsel Thurgood Marshall, then appealed the ruling directly to the Supreme Court. (Full article...)
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General images

The following are images from various Kansas-related articles on Wikipedia.
  • Image 1The Rio Theatre, Overland Park (from Kansas)
    The Rio Theatre, Overland Park (from Kansas)
  • Milky Way over Monument Rocks, Kansas, US (from Kansas)
    Kansas's Monument Rocks at night
  • Image 3Charles Curtis (R) was born near Topeka and served as a State Legislator, Congressman and Senator, before becoming Vice President (1929–33). He is the only Native American elected to the Executive Branch (he was born into the Kaw Nation). (from Kansas)
    Charles Curtis (R) was born near Topeka and served as a State Legislator, Congressman and Senator, before becoming Vice President (1929–33). He is the only Native American elected to the Executive Branch (he was born into the Kaw Nation). (from Kansas)
  • Image 4Kanopolis State Park (from Kansas)
    Kanopolis State Park (from Kansas)
  • Image 5The Kansas Pacific main line shown on an 1869 map (from History of Kansas)
    The Kansas Pacific main line shown on an 1869 map (from History of Kansas)
  • Image 6Köppen climate types of Kansas, using 1991–2020 climate normals (from Kansas)
    Köppen climate types of Kansas, using 1991–2020 climate normals (from Kansas)
  • Image 7The Great Plains of Kansas (from Kansas)
    The Great Plains of Kansas (from Kansas)
  • Image 8Ethnic origins in Kansas (from Kansas)
    Ethnic origins in Kansas (from Kansas)
  • Image 9Spring River, Kansas (from Kansas)
    Spring River, Kansas (from Kansas)
  • Image 10A population density map of Kansas (from Kansas)
    A population density map of Kansas (from Kansas)
  • Image 11Boosterism: cover of a promotional booklet published in 1907 by the Rock Island railroad (from History of Kansas)
    Boosterism: cover of a promotional booklet published in 1907 by the Rock Island railroad (from History of Kansas)
  • Image 12Quantrill's 1863 raid burned the town of Lawrence and killed 164 townspeople. (from History of Kansas)
    Quantrill's 1863 raid burned the town of Lawrence and killed 164 townspeople. (from History of Kansas)
  • Image 131855 Free-State poster (from History of Kansas)
    1855 Free-State poster (from History of Kansas)
  • Image 14Allen Fieldhouse at University of Kansas in Lawrence (from Kansas)
    Allen Fieldhouse at University of Kansas in Lawrence (from Kansas)
  • Image 15The Great Seal of the State of Kansas was established by the legislature on May 25, 1861. The design was submitted by Senator John James Ingalls. He also proposed the state motto, "Ad astra per aspera", which means "to the stars through difficulty". (from History of Kansas)
    The Great Seal of the State of Kansas was established by the legislature on May 25, 1861. The design was submitted by Senator John James Ingalls. He also proposed the state motto, "Ad astra per aspera", which means "to the stars through difficulty". (from History of Kansas)
  • Image 16Quantrill's Raid on Lawrence (from Kansas)
    Quantrill's Raid on Lawrence (from Kansas)
  • Image 17Children's Mercy Park, Kansas City (from Kansas)
    Children's Mercy Park, Kansas City (from Kansas)
  • Image 18Kansas summer wheat and storm panorama (from Kansas)
    Kansas summer wheat and storm panorama (from Kansas)
  • Image 19Reverend Charles Sheldon, Topeka resident and coiner of the phrase "What would Jesus do?" (from Kansas)
    Reverend Charles Sheldon, Topeka resident and coiner of the phrase "What would Jesus do?" (from Kansas)
  • Image 20Map of Indian territories, 1836 (from History of Kansas)
    Map of Indian territories, 1836 (from History of Kansas)
  • Image 21Frank Bond's illustration of the Louisiana Purchase (from History of Kansas)
    Frank Bond's illustration of the Louisiana Purchase (from History of Kansas)
  • Image 22George Armstrong Custer led U.S. troops against Native Americans in western Kansas. (from History of Kansas)
    George Armstrong Custer led U.S. troops against Native Americans in western Kansas. (from History of Kansas)
  • Landscape painting with bison drinking from the stream's edge and teh sun just above the horizon
    Albert Bierstadt, Western Kansas, 1875 (from Kansas)
  • Image 24Tyler Field in Eck Stadium at Wichita State University in Wichita (from Kansas)
    Tyler Field in Eck Stadium at Wichita State University in Wichita (from Kansas)
  • Image 25Kansas Highway Map (from Kansas)
    Kansas Highway Map (from Kansas)
  • Image 261915–1918 Kansas railroad map (from Kansas)
    1915–1918 Kansas railroad map (from Kansas)
  • Image 27David Booth Kansas Memorial Stadium is the oldest football stadium west of the Mississippi River, and one of the oldest standing football stadiums in the country. Built in 1921, it is home to the Kansas Jayhawks football team. (from Kansas)
    David Booth Kansas Memorial Stadium is the oldest football stadium west of the Mississippi River, and one of the oldest standing football stadiums in the country. Built in 1921, it is home to the Kansas Jayhawks football team. (from Kansas)
  • Image 28John Brown about 1856 (from History of Kansas)
    John Brown about 1856 (from History of Kansas)
  • Image 29Samuel Seymour's 1819 illustration of a Kansa lodge and dance is the oldest drawing known to be done in Kansas. (from History of Kansas)
    Samuel Seymour's 1819 illustration of a Kansa lodge and dance is the oldest drawing known to be done in Kansas. (from History of Kansas)
  • Image 30Map of counties in Kansas by racial plurality, per the 2020 U.S. census Legend Non-Hispanic White   30–40%   50–60%   60–70%   70–80%   80–90%   90%+ Hispanic or Latino   50–60%   60–70% (from Kansas)
    Map of counties in Kansas by racial plurality, per the 2020 U.S. census
    Legend
    (from Kansas)
  • Image 31Boeing B-29 Superfortress production in Wichita in 1944 (from History of Kansas)
    Boeing B-29 Superfortress production in Wichita in 1944 (from History of Kansas)
  • Image 32Gove County Badlands (from Kansas)
    Gove County Badlands (from Kansas)
  • Image 33Chippewa named "One-Called-From-A-Distance" (from History of Kansas)
    Chippewa named "One-Called-From-A-Distance" (from History of Kansas)
  • Image 34Temporary quarters for Volga Germans in central Kansas, 1875 (from History of Kansas)
    Temporary quarters for Volga Germans in central Kansas, 1875 (from History of Kansas)
  • Image 35Fox Theater, Hutchinson (from Kansas)
    Fox Theater, Hutchinson (from Kansas)
  • Image 36Clouds in northeastern Kansas (from Kansas)
    Clouds in northeastern Kansas (from Kansas)
  • Image 37The Plaza Cinema in Ottawa is the oldest operating movie theater in the world. (from Kansas)
    The Plaza Cinema in Ottawa is the oldest operating movie theater in the world. (from Kansas)

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