Gibarid dynasty
House of Pakhal | |
---|---|
Founded | c. 1190 |
Founder | Pakhal I |
Final ruler | |
Titles | |
Traditions | Sunni Islam |
Deposition |
|
The Gibarid dynasty (Persian: سلسلہ گبری) consisted of the members of the royal House of Pakhal (Persian: خاندان آل پکھل),[1] later known as House of Jahangir, after the fifth ruler of dynasty known as Sultan Jahangir Gibari.[2] According to Gibarids tradition, the family originated from the Gibari tribe, a branch of the Iranic tribes,[3] under Pakhal I. The Gibarid dynasty, named after Sultan Pakhal Gibari I, ruled the Sultanate of Swat from c. 1190 to 1519.[4][5][6]
Rule[edit]
Sultanate of Swat (1190-1519)[edit]
Sultan Pakhal Gibari established Sultanate of Swat in 1190. The last ruler was Sultan Awais Swati whose rule was overthrown by Yousafzais. Sultan Awais fled to Dir and established a minor kingdom there.[7]
Sultanate of Dir (1519-1640)[edit]
In 1519, Sultan Awais Swati established Lahor fortress in Dir. Sultans of Dir:[8]
- Sultan Awais Jahangiri Swati (1519 -1530)
- Sultan Feroz 1519, Shah Jahangiri (1530-1585)
- and established minor kingdom there.[9][10][11] Sultan Mah Jahangiri The second (1585-1610)
- Sultan Zain Ali Shah Jahangiri (1610-1640)
Principality of Pakhli (1644-Present)[edit]
Swatis under the leadership of Sultan Zain's son Bhai Khan re-conquered Pakhli which is now Mansehra District and Battagram District. Bhai Khan was chosen as Chief of Swati tribe and Chief of Pakhli Principality. Chiefs of Pakhli & Swatis :
- Bhai Khan Swati(1640-1703) — 1st Chief and Conquerer of Pakhli
- Murad Khan Swati(1703-1723)— 2nd Chief of Pakhli
- Saeed Khan Swati(1723-1768) — 3rd Chief of Pakhli
- Saadat Khan Khankhail Swati(1768-1780)[12] — 4th Chief of Swati tribe, 3rd Ruler of Pakhli State and founder of Garhi Saadat Khan.
- Najeebullah Khan Swati bin Saadat Khan (1780-1810) [13] — 5th Chief of Swatis, 4th Ruler of Pakhli State and 2nd Khan of Garhi.
- Habibullah Khan Swati I bin Saadat Khan (1830-1844) — 6th Chief of Swatis, 5th Ruler of Pakhli, 3rd Khan of Garhi. He renamed Garhi Saadat Khan to Garhi Habibullah.[14][15]
- Jagirdar Ameen Khan Swati bin Habibullah Khan(1844-1854) — 7th Chief of Swatis, 4th Khan of Garhi, 1st Nawab of Neelishang-Rajdhani State
- Jagirdar and Magistrate Samandar Khan Khankhail Swati bin Ameen Khan(1854-1889) [16]
- Jagirdar and Khan Bahadur Hussain Khankhail Swati bin Samandar Khan(1889-1920) [17]
- Jagirdar and Khan Sahib Akram Khan Khankhail Swati bin Samandar Khan(1920-1939)
- Jagirdar and Khan Bahadur Aslam Khan Khankhail Swati bin Akram Khan (1939-1964)
- Naseem Khan Khankhail Swati bin Aslam Khan(1964-1980)
- Babar Naseem Khankhail Swati bin Naseem Khan(1980-2012) [18]
- Habibullah Khan Khankhail Swati II bin Babar Khan(2012–Present)
References[edit]
- ^ "Imperial Gazetteer2 of India, Volume 19, page 319 -- Imperial Gazetteer of India -- Digital South Asia Library". dsal.uchicago.edu. p. 319. Retrieved 2024-03-13.
In Babar's time this tract(Pakhli) was held Khakha and Bamba tribes who chiefs were the ancient rulers of this country and had been driven out by Gibari Sultans of Swat and Bajaur and the tract derives its name Pakhli, from one of the these conquerers
- ^ Abdul Rahman, Shakir Ullah and (December 2016). "The Short Lived Gibari Empire: A Little Known Chapter of the History of Medieval Hazara". Research Journal of Pakistan Heritage.
- ^ Raverty, Major. "Notes on Afghanistan and Part of Balochistan". Internet Archives. p. 278.
The Tajik tribes referred to as Gibaris, Mumalis and Mitravis which have several ramifications (sub-branches) like Dodal, Jahangiri, Begal ....
- ^ Arlinghaus 1988, p.190–191: The family of the sultans of Swat and the nobility spoke Gibri, the Dardic language of Bajaur, and the common people spoke Yadri, another Dardic language..
- ^ Arlinghaus 1988, p. 191.
- ^ Inam-ur-Rahim & Viaro 2002, p. 68.
- ^ Abdul Rahman, Shakir Ullah and (December 2016). "The Short Lived Gibari Empire: A Little Known Chapter of the History of Medieval Hazara". Research Journal of Pakistan Heritage.
- ^ Raverty, Major. "Notes on Afghanistan and Balochistan". p. 231.
He left two sons; Feroz Shah and Qazan Shah, the latter was killed by Yousafzais and his head was brought to Kaju Khan. Feroz Shah was succeeded by Sultan Mah and Sultan Zain Ali.
- ^ Abdul Rahman, Shakir Ullah and (December 2016). "The Short Lived Gibari Empire: A Little Known Chapter of the History of Medieval Hazara". Research Journal of Pakistan Heritage.
- ^ Abdul Rahman, Shakir Ullah and (December 2016). "The Short Lived Gibari Empire: A Little Known Chapter of the History of Medieval Hazara". Research Journal of Pakistan Heritage.
- ^ Abdul Rahman, Shakir Ullah and (December 2016). "The Short Lived Gibari Empire: A Little Known Chapter of the History of Medieval Hazara". Research Journal of Pakistan Heritage.
- ^ Imperial Gazetteer of India Vol 19, British Government. "Pakhli". p. 319.
Under Durrani Rule, Saadat Khan was chosen as Chief of Pakhli then a dependency of Kashmir who founded the fort known as Garhi Saadat Khan
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "Hari Singh Nalwa: Forgotten Voices From Hazara". SikhNet. 2019-05-29. Retrieved 2024-05-09.
- ^ Government, Of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. "Important Personalities of Mansehra District".
- ^ "Hari Singh Nalwa: Forgotten Voices From Hazara". SikhNet. 2019-05-29. Retrieved 2024-05-09.
- ^ "Report of the Land Revenue Settlement of the Hazara District of the Punjab, 1868-74".
- ^ "Punjab Gazetteer of Hazara District 1883-84 Page 74".
Chiefs includes Khan Samundar Khan Swati of Garhi Habibullah—the Hereditary Chief of Swati tribe, Muhammad Husain Khan Swati— The Jageerdar of Mansehra , Atta Muhamad Khan Swati— the Chief of Agror Valley.
- ^ "PF-43 Mansehra Election 1985 Full Result Votes NWFP Assembly". www.electionpakistani.com. Retrieved 2024-05-09.
Sources[edit]
- Arlinghaus, Joseph Theodore (1988). The Transformation of Afghan Tribal Society: Tribal Expansion, Mughal Imperialism and the Roshaniyya Insurrection, 1450-1600. Duke University.
- Inam-ur-Rahim; Viaro, Alain M. (2002). Swat: An Afghan Society in Pakistan : Urbanisation and Change in Tribal Environment. City Press. ISBN 978-969-8380-55-7.